August 30, 2006
Control orders are one of the most controversial aspects of the new anti-terror laws passed last year. These laws were supported by the Federal Opposition and state premiers because of the threat of global terrorism. A control order has been applied to Jack Thomas, and this restricts Thomas' movements and contacts to protect the community from terrorism. Control orders are, in a sense, preventative justice.
Peter Faris QC, the former head of the National Crime Authority, says that control orders:
...are designed to protect the community in circumstances where criminal custody is not justified. It is a balance between the perceived need for the safety of the community and restrictions on an individual. Formerly, dangerous individuals could only be dealt with by criminal prosecution, conviction and jailing — that is, after they had committed the predicted offence.
Control orders relate to the fear of future criminal conduct, not punishment for past conduct. It is about future conduct in the sense of identify people who are thought to be dangerous. If so then the community has the right to restrict our civil liberties. Is Thomas a dangerous individual? Don't we judge future criminal conduct by past actions?
The control order against Thomas was initiated, even though the Court of Appeal quashed convictions against Thomas for receiving funds from al-Qaeda and travelling on a false passport. In the original court verdict, the jury relied on a confession that was to be ruled inadmissible on appeal. Even so, the jury acquitted Thomas of charges of training for and planning terrorism offences. Accordingly, Thomas cannot be deemed a terrorist, as Faris states, If this case is about national security and trying to protect the Australian public, then can Thomas be deemed a risk to the community? Has his liberty been restricted with just cause? Is a terrorist suspect? Is he risk to this country? That is for the courts to decide, is it not?
Faris acknowledges that control orders are an infringement of the rights of an individual which have been imposed outside the criminal process. As he rightly observes the issue to be debated is this: is it appropriate to infringe a person’s liberty when they have not committed a criminal offence but where it can be established that they are a risk to the community.
George Williams and Edwina Macdonald, writing in The Age, concur with Faris that this is the issue to be debated. They say:
Control orders....raise questions about how far we should go in the war on terror. They impose sanctions not for what someone has done or due to what they are preparing to do, but because of what they might do in the future. They remove the presumption of innocence and limit a person's freedom even where there is not enough evidence to convict them under one of our many new terrorism offences. A control order can regulate almost every aspect of a person's life, from where they work or live to whom they can talk to. A person can also be detained under house arrest. The order can prevent someone leading a normal life without the evidence against them being properly tested.
Where then are the safeguards to protect our liberty? Faris evades this. He says that whether you support such controls is not a matter of right or wrong or of legality or illegality. It is simply a matter of your own moral preference. I support control orders and detention. The Left opposes them for terrorists.Yet Australia does not have any human rights legislation that sets out the basic standards of liberty needed for a democracy and ensure that tough terror laws do not undermine the rule of law or the values we are seeking to protect.
Therein lies the problem. This leads to a second question. Is the law constitutional? That is for the High Court to decide.
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I love the language.
"I support control orders and detention. The Left opposes them for terrorists"
i.e. I am tough on bad guys, the Left supports them.
Typical weasel language - if you don't support us, you must support the other guy, when the Left's argument is with the erosion of our freedoms.